Cannabinoids are a diverse group of chemical compounds that interact with the cannabinoid receptors in the body, which are part of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS plays a role in regulating a wide range of functions and processes, including mood, sleep, appetite, and immune response.

Cannabinoids can be grouped into three categories:

• Phytocannabinoids: Found in the cannabis plant (e.g., CBD, THC).
• Endocannabinoids: Produced naturally by the human body (e.g., anandamide).
• Synthetic Cannabinoids: Created in a laboratory.

Primary Phytocannabinoids

The cannabis plant produces over a hundred different cannabinoids, but the most well-known and researched are Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD).

Cannabinoid	Acronym	Psychoactive?	Primary Effects
Tetrahydrocannabinol	THC	Yes	Euphoria, relaxation, pain relief
Cannabidiol	CBD	No	Relaxation, anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety

Lesser-Known Phytocannabinoids

While THC and CBD dominate the conversation, other cannabinoids are gaining interest for their potential effects.

• Cannabigerol (CBG): Often referred to as the "mother of all cannabinoids" because other cannabinoids are synthesized from its acidic form, CBGA. It is non-intoxicating and is being researched for its potential neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Cannabichromene (CBC): Also non-intoxicating, CBC is less studied but is believed to have potential benefits for pain and inflammation, possibly working synergistically with other cannabinoids and terpenes (the entourage effect).
• Cannabinol (CBN): CBN is formed when THC ages and breaks down. It is only mildly psychoactive and is commonly associated with sedative effects, though research is ongoing.

Understanding the Entourage Effect

The "entourage effect" is a theory suggesting that cannabinoids, terpenes, and other compounds in the cannabis plant work together synergistically to enhance the overall effects of the plant. This means the combined effect is greater than the sum of the individual parts.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Cannabinoid Product

When selecting a product, consider the following factors and discuss them with a healthcare professional.

Factor	Description
Purity and Potency	Look for third-party testing results that confirm the product's cannabinoid content and absence of contaminants.
Full-Spectrum vs. Isolate	Full-spectrum products contain all cannabinoids and terpenes (allowing for the entourage effect), while isolates contain only one specific cannabinoid (e.g., pure CBD).
Method of Consumption	Different methods (e.g., inhalation, edibles, tinctures) affect how quickly and how long the effects last.